Laser Technician (International Board of Electrologist Certification) IBEC Board Exam

What condition is characterized by deficiency in adrenal cortex hormones, including symptoms like muscle weakness and nausea?

1. Cushing's disease

2. Addison's disease

3. Hypopituitarism

4. Hyperthyroidism

The correct answer is: Addison's disease

Addison's disease is characterized by a deficiency in adrenal cortex hormones, specifically cortisol and aldosterone. This leads to a variety of symptoms, including muscle weakness, fatigue, weight loss, and nausea. The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing these key hormones that help regulate metabolism, the immune response, and blood pressure; therefore, their deficiency results in the clinical manifestations associated with Addison's disease. In contrast, Cushing's disease is marked by an excess of cortisol, leading to weight gain and various metabolic changes, while hypopituitarism involves underproduction of hormones from the pituitary gland affecting various endocrine functions. Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, results from an overproduction of thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms such as weight loss and hyperactivity. Thus, the specific signs and symptoms associated with Addison's disease directly relate to the inadequate production of adrenal hormones, distinguishing it clearly from the other conditions listed.