Laser Technician (International Board of Electrologist Certification) IBEC Board Exam

What is the function of a step down transformer?

1. It increases the voltage of the current.

2. It maintains constant voltage throughout the circuit.

3. It decreases the voltage and increases current flow.

4. It converts AC to DC voltage.

The correct answer is: It decreases the voltage and increases current flow.

A step-down transformer is designed to decrease the voltage while increasing the current in an electrical circuit. This is based on the principle of conservation of energy, where the power input (voltage multiplied by current) must equal the power output, minus any losses. In a step-down transformer, the primary winding receives high voltage from the power source, and through the transformer’s magnetic fields and winding ratios, this high voltage is converted into lower voltage across the secondary winding. As the voltage is reduced, the current is increased proportionately. This characteristic is crucial in various applications, especially in settings where low voltage is needed for safety and efficiency, such as in certain medical and cosmetic laser equipment where the technician must ensure safety measures. The other options describe functions that do not align with the purpose of a step-down transformer. For example, the transformer does not increase voltage, maintain constant voltage, or convert AC to DC; those processes are handled by different types of electrical devices. Understanding this specific function of a step-down transformer is vital for safely and effectively managing electrical equipment in the field of laser technology.